{"id":6031,"date":"2021-05-12T11:30:56","date_gmt":"2021-05-12T18:30:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sandiegonewsdesk.com\/?p=6031"},"modified":"2021-05-12T13:10:38","modified_gmt":"2021-05-12T20:10:38","slug":"republicans-in-history-booker-t-washington","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sandiegonewsdesk.com\/?p=6031","title":{"rendered":"Republicans In History: Booker T. Washington"},"content":{"rendered":"

Booker T. Washington, a preeminent black educator, was born into slavery<\/span>\u00a0on a small plantation<\/span>\u00a0in\u00a0<\/span>Virginia<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>He was known as simply Booker as was the custom of the day.\u00a0 He never knew the day, month, or year of his birth or who his father was.\u00a0 <\/span>He was nine years old when he and his family were freed by the\u00a0<\/span>Emancipation Proclamation<\/span><\/i>\u00a0in 1865 when the area he lived in was occupied by US troops.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

“As the great day drew nearer, there was more singing in the slave quarters than usual. It was bolder, had more ring, and lasted later into the night. Most of the verses of the plantation songs had some reference to freedom… Some man who seemed to be a stranger (a\u00a0<\/span>United States<\/span>\u00a0officer, I presume) made a little speech and then read a rather long paper\u2014the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Emancipation Proclamation<\/span><\/i><\/a>, I think. After the reading, we were told that we were all free, and could go when and where we pleased. My mother, who was standing by my side, leaned over and kissed her children, while tears of joy ran down her cheeks. She explained to us what it all meant, that this was the day for which she had been so long praying, but fearing that she would never live to see.”<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Booker T. Washington.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The family moved to <\/span>West Virginia<\/span> to join his mother\u2019s husband who had escaped slavery during the war.\u00a0 It was now that Booker began to slowly teach himself to read and go to school.\u00a0 It was in school that he was required to acquire a first and last name.\u00a0 He took his stepfather\u2019s name\u00a0<\/span>Washington<\/span>.\u00a0 He learned from his mother that at birth she had given him the name Booker Taliaferro.\u00a0 So he adopted Booker Taliaferro\u00a0<\/span>Washington<\/span>\u00a0as his legal name using Booker T.\u00a0<\/span>until his death.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>After the end of the war, he was working with his stepfather in the salt mines.\u00a0 So he woke at 4 am to study and practice his alphabet and basic words from a book his mother gave him.\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

He\u00a0<\/span>later\u00a0<\/span>went to work as a houseboy for the wife of a coal mine owner, Viola\u00a0<\/span>Ruffner<\/span>.\u00a0 Although she was very strict, she saw promise in Booker and allowed him to go to school for an hour a day during the winter months.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In 1872 Booker T. Washington walked the 500 miles to Hampton Normal Agricultural Institute, working odd jobs along the way.\u00a0 He convinced the\u00a0<\/span>school\u00a0<\/span>administrators to admit him<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0working as a janitor to pay for his tuition.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Soon the founder and headmaster General Samuel Armstrong noticed the hardworking young man and gave him\u00a0<\/span>a\u00a0<\/span>scholarship.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Before long<\/span>\u00a0General Armstrong became Booker\u2019s\u00a0<\/span>mentor\u00a0<\/span>further\u00a0<\/span>instilling in his principles of hard work and <\/span>strong\u00a0<\/span>moral character.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Booker T. Washington graduated in 1875.\u00a0 He taught at his old grade school for a short time.\u00a0 He attended Wayland Seminary for six months in\u00a0<\/span>Washington<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>D.C.<\/span>\u00a0 He went to\u00a0<\/span>Hampton<\/span>\u00a0to give a graduation speech whereupon General Armstrong offered him a job.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In 1881, the\u00a0<\/span>Alabama<\/span>\u00a0legislature approved a grant of $2,000 to start the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute (which is now known as\u00a0<\/span>Tuskegee<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>University<\/span>).\u00a0 General Armstrong was asked to recommend a white man to ru<\/span>n the school.\u00a0 He<\/span>\u00a0recommended Booker T. Washington.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Classes were initially held in an old church.\u00a0 Booker traveled the countryside fundraising and promoting the school.\u00a0 Under Booker T. Washington\u2019s leadership, <\/span>Tuskegee<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>University<\/span>\u00a0became one of the country\u2019s leading schools.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Booker T. Washington imbued the school with his belief in patience, enterprise, and thrift.\u00a0 He believed that economic success and cultural advancement would take time but would bring with it respect from the white community.\u00a0 This would eventually result in full political and economic rights for the black community.\u00a0 It was a <\/span>very\u00a0<\/span>controversial position\u00a0<\/span>on\u00a0<\/span>race relations that he put forth in the speech <\/span>known as the \u201cAtlanta Compromise.\u201d<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Booker T. Washington was invited to the White House in 1901 by President Theodore Roosevelt as an advisor<\/span>\u00a0on racial matters<\/span>.\u00a0 His successor President William Howard Taft also used Booker\u00a0<\/span>as an advisor.<\/span>\u00a0In 1900, Booker T. Washington founded the National Negro Business League.\u00a0 At this time he also published his autobiography\u00a0<\/span>Up from Slavery<\/span><\/i>.\u00a0 These events brought him fame and much-heated debate surrounding his philosophy on race.\u00a0 <\/span>He also financed several civil rights court cases challenging segregation for blacks.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

He was at the helm of the Tuskegee Institute until his death in 1915.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Booker T. Washington was a Republican.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Booker T. Washington, a preeminent black educator, was born into slavery\u00a0on a small plantation\u00a0in\u00a0Virginia.\u00a0\u00a0He was known as simply Booker as was the custom of the day.\u00a0 He never knew the day, month, or year of his birth or who his father was.\u00a0 He was nine years old when he and his family were freed by…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6032,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6031","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politics"],"yoast_head":"\nRepublicans In History: Booker T. 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